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The term “retaining wall” refers to a structure that holds back earth. Retaining walls are used to stabilize rock and soil from erosion or downward slope movements, and provide support for vertical or near-vertical grade changes. Common materials used to build retaining walls are masonry, stone, brick, concrete, steel, or wood. Generally, retaining walls come in three types: gravity, cantilevered, and sheet pile. Gravity walls rely on the size and weight of the wall to resist pressure from behind, and will often have a slight setback, leaning backwards into the retained soil, to improve the wall's stability. Gravity walls are usually made from stone, concrete or composite materials.
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